What is Kazakhstan's FATF status?

Kazakhstan is classified by FATF as: fsrb_only.

Are VASPs licensed in Kazakhstan?

Yes — licensing is required for VASPs.

What is the AML/KYC regime in Kazakhstan?

KYC is mandatory for crypto businesses.

Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan maintains a legal and regulated environment for cryptocurrencies, primarily governed by the AIFC Digital Asset Trading Facility Rules. The Astana Financial Services Authority (AFSA) actively regulates digital asset activities within the AIFC zone and continues to develop its regulatory framework.

Overview

Status	Legal
Risk Score	30/100 (Moderate Risk)
Region	central asia
Currency	KZT

Tax Information

Capital Gains (Personal)	10% individual income tax on crypto gains
Capital Gains (Corporate)	20% corporate income tax
VAT on Crypto	No

Licensing & Registration

Required	Yes
Regulator	AFSA / ARDFM
Framework	AIFC Digital Asset Trading Facility Rules 2018 (amended 2023)
Ease	medium
Cost (USD)	$20,000 - $100,000 (AIFC licensing)

Licensing is managed by AFSA under the AIFC framework with a structured process for digital asset service providers.

Enforcement Activity

Level: Moderate

No detailed enforcement information available

AML / KYC

KYC Required	Yes
Travel Rule	Yes
FATF Member	No
FATF Status	fsrb_only
FATF Body	EAG
Suspicious-Activity Reporting	Yes

DeFi, Stablecoins & NFTs

Status: regulated

DeFi activities are regulated under the AIFC framework with clear guidelines for compliance and licensing.

Stablecoins

Status: regulated

Stablecoins are regulated within the AIFC framework, requiring compliance with digital asset regulations and licensing.

NFTs

Status: unregulated

Mining

Legal	Yes
Electricity Cost	$0.042/kWh
Renewable Energy	12%
Infrastructure	fair

Mining is legal but subject to restrictions and regulations, especially regarding energy consumption and licensing within Kazakhstan.

Geopolitical Risk

Stability	moderate
Sanctions	No
Corruption Index	38/100
Banking Access	moderate

Risk Factors

regional geopolitical tensions
regulatory changes
energy supply constraints

Kazakhstan has moderate political stability with ongoing reforms. It is not under international sanctions but faces regional geopolitical risks and moderate corruption levels.