The Netherlands has a clear and comprehensive regulatory framework for cryptocurrencies, including adherence to MiCAR and the Dutch AML Act (Wwft). The Financial Supervision Act (Wft) also applies, ensuring robust oversight by De Nederlandsche Bank (DNB).
| Status | Legal |
| Risk Score | 28/100 (Moderate Risk) |
| Region | europe |
| Currency | EUR |
| Adoption Rank | #21 |
| Capital Gains (Personal) | 36% deemed return tax on net assets above €57,000 (Box 3); actual gains not taxed |
| Capital Gains (Corporate) | 25.8% (19% for first €200,000) |
| VAT on Crypto | Yes |
Crypto transactions are subject to VAT. Specific tax rates for capital gains, staking, mining, and airdrops are not detailed on the regulator page.
| Required | Yes |
| Regulator | AFM / DNB |
| Framework | MiCAR |
| Ease | medium |
| Cost | $50,000 - $110,000 |
Licensing is governed under MiCAR and requires compliance with Dutch financial regulations overseen by DNB.
Status: regulated
DeFi activities fall under the regulatory scope of MiCAR and Dutch AML laws, requiring compliance with existing financial regulations.
Status: regulated
Stablecoins are regulated under MiCAR with specific requirements for issuance and operation.
Status: Unclear
MiCA excludes unique NFTs. AFM follows ESMA classification guidance.
| Legal | Yes |
| Electricity | $0.18/kWh |
| Renewable | 30% |
| Infrastructure | excellent |
Mining is legal with relatively high electricity costs and moderate renewable energy usage. Excellent infrastructure supports mining operations.
| Stability | stable |
| Sanctions | No |
| Corruption Index | 80/100 |
| Banking Access | open |
Last reviewed: 2026-04-13 · Data source: Soken Crypto Legal Map
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